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itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item"><a class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="item" href="/docs/wiki/技能/"><span itemprop="name">技能</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="1"></li><li itemscope="" itemprop="itemListElement" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item"><a class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="item" href="/docs/wiki/技能/电脑技能/"><span itemprop="name">电脑技能</span></a><meta itemprop="position" content="2"></li><li itemscope="" itemprop="itemListElement" itemtype="https://schema.org/ListItem" class="breadcrumbs__item breadcrumbs__item--active"><span class="breadcrumbs__link" itemprop="name">查看ip</span><meta itemprop="position" content="3"></li></ul></nav><div class="tocCollapsible_ETCw theme-doc-toc-mobile tocMobile_ITEo"><button type="button" class="clean-btn tocCollapsibleButton_TO0P">On this page</button></div><div class="theme-doc-markdown markdown"><header><h1>查看ip</h1></header>
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<p>许多情况下，检查网络故障的第一步就是查看用户在校园网中的ip,以进行进一步判断</p>
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<p>所以，你需要学会如何查看电脑所连接的网络的ip,了解不同ip地址的含义.</p>
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<p>(网维的负责范围是以太网连接，所以这里的ip是指以太网ip.)</p>
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<h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="操作">操作<a href="#操作" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 操作" title="Direct link to 操作"></a></h2>
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<h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="方法一命令行">方法一：命令行<a href="#方法一命令行" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 方法一：命令行" title="Direct link to 方法一：命令行"></a></h3>
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<ol>
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<li>
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<p>按<kbd>win</kbd>+<kbd>r</kbd>弹出"运行"框，输入<code>cmd</code>或<code>powershell</code>，按下回车。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>或是在开始菜单中寻找对应的程序,打开终端。</p>
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</blockquote>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>在终端下输入<code>ipconfig</code>命令；</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>此时应该会输出结果：通常由许多栏目组成，我们只关心其中的“以太网”部分的IPv4地址。</p>
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</li>
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</ol>
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<h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="方法二控制面板选项">方法二：控制面板选项<a href="#方法二控制面板选项" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 方法二：控制面板选项" title="Direct link to 方法二：控制面板选项"></a></h3>
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<ol>
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<li>
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<p>打开“网络和拨号连接”控制面板：</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>你可以打开控制面板 → 网络和 Internet → 网络和共享中心 → 更改适配器设置（左侧菜单）。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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<p>或是按<kbd>win</kbd>+<kbd>r</kbd>，输入 ncpa.cpl，然后按回车。</p>
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</blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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<p>也可以在终端输入<code>control ncpa.cpl</code>来打开。</p>
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</blockquote>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>打开 ncpa.cpl 后，会看到所有网络连接的列表（如<code>以太网</code>，<code>Wi-Fi</code>，<code>蓝牙网络连接</code>等），点击<code>以太网</code>，查看其中的IPv4地址。</p>
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</li>
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</ol>
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<h2 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="结果">结果<a href="#结果" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 结果" title="Direct link to 结果"></a></h2>
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<h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="无地址的情况">无地址的情况：<a href="#无地址的情况" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 无地址的情况：" title="Direct link to 无地址的情况："></a></h3>
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<p>如果无法获取IPv4地址的话，说明电脑到交换机之间的物理连接是不通的，你需要逐步排查到底哪里出现了问题。</p>
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<p>常见的情况可能有：</p>
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<ul>
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<li>用户使用了网线转接器，转接器出现问题</li>
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<li>用户网线问题</li>
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<li>墙线问题</li>
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<li>用户在交换机那头的线缆没有接好</li>
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<li>交换机断电(有电就可以获取IP，查不到IP说明交换机没有开启)</li>
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</ul>
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<p>列举的原因仅供参考，实际出现的情况可能千奇百怪，请<a href="/docs/wiki/技能/网络相关/对线#%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%9C%B0%E6%8E%92%E6%9F%A5">利用寻线器系统地排查故障</a>。</p>
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<h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="172xxxxxx地址的情况">172.xx.xx.xx地址的情况：<a href="#172xxxxxx地址的情况" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 172.xx.xx.xx地址的情况：" title="Direct link to 172.xx.xx.xx地址的情况："></a></h3>
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<p>这是正常情况下的地址，其中：</p>
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<table><thead><tr><th>IP地址的号段</th><th>对应的情况</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>172.20</td><td>已接入移动网络</td></tr><tr><td>172.19</td><td>已接入电信网络</td></tr><tr><td>172.18</td><td>已接入联通网络</td></tr></tbody></table>
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<p>如果用户无法在网络中认证，请询问用户账号所属运营商，用户使用哪个运营商，就必须把线路接到对应的运营商设备中去。</p>
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<div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-tip admonition_xJq3 alert alert--success"><div class="admonitionHeading_Gvgb"><span class="admonitionIcon_Rf37"><svg viewBox="0 0 12 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M6.5 0C3.48 0 1 2.19 1 5c0 .92.55 2.25 1 3 1.34 2.25 1.78 2.78 2 4v1h5v-1c.22-1.22.66-1.75 2-4 .45-.75 1-2.08 1-3 0-2.81-2.48-5-5.5-5zm3.64 7.48c-.25.44-.47.8-.67 1.11-.86 1.41-1.25 2.06-1.45 3.23-.02.05-.02.11-.02.17H5c0-.06 0-.13-.02-.17-.2-1.17-.59-1.83-1.45-3.23-.2-.31-.42-.67-.67-1.11C2.44 6.78 2 5.65 2 5c0-2.2 2.02-4 4.5-4 1.22 0 2.36.42 3.22 1.19C10.55 2.94 11 3.94 11 5c0 .66-.44 1.78-.86 2.48zM4 14h5c-.23 1.14-1.3 2-2.5 2s-2.27-.86-2.5-2z"></path></svg></span>提示</div><div class="admonitionContent_BuS1"><p>如果移动用户获取到172.17.x.x的IP的话，请上报组长，通常是移动的交换机还没有完成OTA更新。</p></div></div>
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<h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="169254xxxx地址的情况">169.254.xx.xx地址的情况：<a href="#169254xxxx地址的情况" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 169.254.xx.xx地址的情况：" title="Direct link to 169.254.xx.xx地址的情况："></a></h3>
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<p>出现这个地址，意味着运营商的DHCP服务器工作不正确。这通常不是用户设置的问题，是运营商那边的交换机设置出现问题。</p>
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<p>如果出现这个IP，不能正常连接网络的话，把用户的线路接到一个不同的交换机上，再尝试连接。如果交换机那边没有多余的端口或是端口都无法正常连接的话，拍下交换机标签，和出现情况的片区，楼层一起上报当日的值班组长。</p>
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<p>如果你刚刚换好了线，可能会出现这个IP，有时候可能是因为DHCP协议分配IP的操作还没有完成，可以先等2~3分钟。</p>
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<p>移动出现这个问题的情况比较多，有时 候这不会影响正常网络连接，如果没问题就不需要管。</p>
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<p>有些情况下，USB2.0的转接口也会导致出现这个问题，可以更换我们<a href="/docs/wiki/基础知识/科普/转接器#%E8%8A%AF%E7%89%87">推荐的</a>转接器尝试连接。</p>
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<p>如果你想了解这个IP的背后本质，可以看看<a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/100732856" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">这篇文章</a></p>
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<h3 class="anchor anchorWithStickyNavbar_LWe7" id="192168xxxx地址的情况">192.168.xx.xx地址的情况：<a href="#192168xxxx地址的情况" class="hash-link" aria-label="Direct link to 192.168.xx.xx地址的情况：" title="Direct link to 192.168.xx.xx地址的情况："></a></h3>
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<p>首先，我们说的是<strong>有线网</strong>的地址喔！<strong>不要</strong>看用户所连接的<strong>Wi-Fi的IP地址</strong>，在修网过程中，通常应该首先断开用户的Wi-Fi连接，以免干扰有线网环境。</p>
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<p>如果你确定用户以太网IP是192.168.xx.xx,请检查宿舍路由器的工作模式。路由器需要设置到<strong>有线AP模式</strong>，意思是路由器以一个交换机的模式工作，将用户流量直接发往WAN</p>
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<p>学校的路由器有不同的型号和牌子，它们的设置文档在<a href="http://disk.zsxyww.com/open" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ZSC网维下载中心</a>；</p>
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<div class="theme-admonition theme-admonition-warning admonition_xJq3 alert alert--warning"><div class="admonitionHeading_Gvgb"><span class="admonitionIcon_Rf37"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8.893 1.5c-.183-.31-.52-.5-.887-.5s-.703.19-.886.5L.138 13.499a.98.98 0 0 0 0 1.001c.193.31.53.501.886.501h13.964c.367 0 .704-.19.877-.5a1.03 1.03 0 0 0 .01-1.002L8.893 1.5zm.133 11.497H6.987v-2.003h2.039v2.003zm0-3.004H6.987V5.987h2.039v4.006z"></path></svg></span>注意</div><div class="admonitionContent_BuS1"><p>如果是光猫出现了这种情况，不要乱动，直接上报组长。</p></div></div>
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<p>如果用户到交换机没有路由器中继的话，出现192.168.xx.xx地址，也是直接上报组长。</p></div><footer class="theme-doc-footer docusaurus-mt-lg"><div class="row margin-top--sm theme-doc-footer-edit-meta-row"><div class="col"><a href="https://github.com/ZSCNetSupportDept/website/tree/master/docs/wiki/03-技能/01-电脑技能/01-查看ip.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="theme-edit-this-page"><svg fill="currentColor" height="20" width="20" viewBox="0 0 40 40" class="iconEdit_Z9Sw" aria-hidden="true"><g><path d="m34.5 11.7l-3 3.1-6.3-6.3 3.1-3q0.5-0.5 1.2-0.5t1.1 0.5l3.9 3.9q0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1t-0.5 1.2z m-29.5 17.1l18.4-18.5 6.3 6.3-18.4 18.4h-6.3v-6.2z"></path></g></svg>Edit this page</a></div><div class="col lastUpdated_JAkA"><span class="theme-last-updated">Last updated<!-- --> on <b><time datetime="2025-10-18T07:12:59.000Z" itemprop="dateModified">Oct 18, 2025</time></b></span></div></div></footer></article><nav class="pagination-nav docusaurus-mt-lg" aria-label="Docs pages"><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--prev" href="/docs/wiki/技能/电脑技能/"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Previous</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">电脑技能</div></a><a class="pagination-nav__link pagination-nav__link--next" href="/docs/wiki/技能/电脑技能/拨号"><div class="pagination-nav__sublabel">Next</div><div class="pagination-nav__label">连接校园网</div></a></nav></div></div><div class="col col--3"><div class="tableOfContents_bqdL thin-scrollbar theme-doc-toc-desktop"><ul class="table-of-contents table-of-contents__left-border"><li><a href="#操作" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">操作</a><ul><li><a href="#方法一命令行" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">方法一：命令行</a></li><li><a href="#方法二控制面板选项" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">方法二：控制面板选项</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="#结果" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">结果</a><ul><li><a href="#无地址的情况" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">无地址的情况：</a></li><li><a href="#172xxxxxx地址的情况" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">172.xx.xx.xx地址的情况：</a></li><li><a href="#169254xxxx地址的情况" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">169.254.xx.xx地址的情况：</a></li><li><a href="#192168xxxx地址的情况" class="table-of-contents__link toc-highlight">192.168.xx.xx地址的情况：</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></main></div></div></div><footer class="footer footer--dark"><div class="container container-fluid"><div class="footer__bottom text--center"><div class="footer__copyright">Copyright © 2025 ZSCNetworkSupport,Built with Docusaurus.</div></div></div></footer></div>
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